বাণিজ্যিক কুমির চাষ

evwYwR¨K Kzwgi Pvl : 

Kzwgi Pv‡li aviYv Zzjbvg~jK fv‡e bZzb| 5000+ eQ‡ii †ewk w`‡bi cywÄf‚Z Ávb i‡q‡Q nvum-gyiMx-Miæ-QvM‡ji g‡Zv cÖPwjZ cÖvYxi Pv‡li †¶‡Î, †miKg BwZnvm ev Ávb Kzwgi Pv‡li †¶‡Î bvB| Kzwg‡ii Pv‡li cÖPjb ïiæ nq 1970 Gi w`‡K hLb Avi Awbqwš¿Z fv‡e cÖvK…wZK ebvÂj †_‡K msM„nxZ Pvgov Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z e¨_© nw”Q‡jv| 1940 mv‡ji ci †_‡KB Kzwg‡ii Pvgovi Pvwn`v nVvr K‡iB evo‡Z _v‡K| cÖ_g w`‡K Kzwgi‡K Avc` wnmv‡eB †`Lv n‡Zv, we‡kl K‡i eo Kzwgi †h¸‡jv gvbyl‡K AvµgY KiZ| ZvB cÖK…wZ‡Z G‡`i K‡g hvIqv cÖ_g w`‡K mvgvwRK fv‡e ¯^vMZ Rvbv‡bv n‡Zv| 1960 mv‡ji w`‡K gvby‡li wPšÍvfvebv cv‡ë hvq eb¨ cÖvYxi cÖwZ, gvbyl m‡PZb n‡Z ïiæ K‡i eb¨cÖvYx msi¶‡Yi e¨vcv‡i| cÖ_g Kzwg‡ii Pvl ïiæ nq g~jZ cÖvK…wZK ebv‡ji evB‡i Kzwg‡ii Pvgov Drcv`‡bi j¶¨ mvg‡b wb‡q, GKB mv‡_ Lvgv‡ii Pvl Kiv Kzwgi cÖvK…wZK Kzwgi msi¶‡Yi Rb¨ mnvqK n‡e GB aviYv †_‡K|

1975 mv‡j Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) cÖ‡qv‡Mi ci, mg¯Í cÖRvwZi Kzwgi‡K Appendix I ev Appendix II †Z wjwce× Kiv nq| ZLb †_‡K Kzwg‡ii Pvgov ev Avbylvw½K KzwgiRvZ c‡Y¨i AvšÍR©vwZK evwYR¨ KwVb eb¨cÖvYx msi¶‡Yi bxwZgvjvi AvIZvq m¤cbœ n‡q Avm‡Q| GLvb †_‡KB ïiæ n‡q‡Q bZzb GK cÖvYxi (Kzwgi) evwYwR¨K Lvgv‡ii ïiæ hv GL‡bv ejer Av‡Q| 70 Avi 80i `k‡K Kzwg‡ii Lvgv‡ii msL¨v evo‡Z _v‡K Ges evwYwR¨K Kzwg‡ii Lvgvi wb‡q M‡elYv ïiæ nq hv Avgv‡`i Ávb mg„× K‡i|

Ave× RvqMvq K…wÎg cwi‡e‡k Kzwgi cÖRb‡bi cÖv_wgK aviYv G‡m‡Q wPwoqvLvbv †_‡K| cÖv_wgK fv‡e wewfbœ wek¦we`¨vj‡qi M‡elYvi †K›`ª wQj wPwoqvLvbv| cieZ©x‡Z Lvgvi †Kw›`ªK M‡elYv ïiæ nq, †hLv‡b K…wÎg cwi‡e‡k cÖRbb I jvjb cvj‡bi Dci ¸iæZ¡ †`Iqv nq| GKB mv‡_ GLv‡b Lvgv‡i evwYwR¨K I A_©‰bwZK w`K¸‡jv D‡V Av‡m| wPwoqvLvbvq mvaviYZ Aí msL¨K Kzwgi ivLv nq cÖ`k©bx I M‡elYvi Rb¨, Ab¨ w`‡K evwYwR¨K Lvgv‡i G A‡bK †ekx msL¨K Kzwgi ivLv nq cÖRbb, jvjb cvjb I Kzwgi RvZ cY¨ Drcv`‡bi Rb¨| ax‡i ax‡i evwYwR¨K Lvgvi ¯’vcb I mdjfv‡e cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨ DcvË mnRjf¨ nq|

eZ©gv‡b aviYv Kiv nq 4000 †_‡K 5000 Kzwg‡ii Lvgvi i‡q‡Q mviv we‡k¦ (2016), hvi g‡a¨ K‡qKwU Kzwgi wb‡q M„n¯’vwj Lvgvi †_‡K ïiæ K‡i wekvj AvKv‡ii 100,000 Kzwgi Av‡Q GiKg LvgviI AšÍf©z³| M„n¯’vwj Lvgvi¸wj‡Z wewb‡qvM nq Aí, cÖhyw³i cÖ‡qvMI nq ¯^í| †ewkifvM †¶‡ÎB ¯’vbxq Ávb I cÖhyw³ e¨envi Kiv nq| K‡¤^vwWqv‡Z GB ai‡bi A‡bK Lvgvi Av‡Q| Ab¨ w`‡K evwYwR¨K fv‡e ¯’vwcZ Lvgvi¸‡jv‡Z DbœZ cÖhyw³ e¨envi Kiv nq m‡e©v”P ¸YMZgvb I Drcv`‡bi cwigvY evov‡bvi Rb¨| evwYwR¨K Lvgvi wZb ai‡bi n‡Z cv‡i|

cÖ_gZ hv‡`i wbR¯^ c¨v‡i›U ÷K (parent stock) Av‡Q GiKg Lvgvi, G‡`i ejv nq closed cycle captive breeding commercial farm| hviv wb‡RivB wWg Drcv`b K‡i Zv _v‡K ev”Pv Drcv`b K‡i, eo K‡i Zvici Pvgov msMÖn K‡i| evsjv‡`‡ki †icUvBjm dvg© GB c×wZ e¨envi K‡i| GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †icUvBjm dvg© wjwg‡UW c„w_exi cÖ_g evwYwR¨K Lvgvi, †hLv‡b cÖK…wZ †_‡K †Kvb Kzwgi msMÖn Kiv nq bvB| GLvbKvi mg¯Í c¨v‡i›U ÷K Gd2 (f2) †Rbv‡ikb, A_©vr GLvbKvi Kzwgi¸‡jvi Rb¥ Ab¨ †Kvb Lvgv‡i|

wØZxqZ m¨v‡UjvBU (satellite) Lvgvi ev K›Uªv± dvg© (contract farm), †hLv‡b †QvU †QvU Lvgvi Kzwgi GKUv wbw`©ó AvKvi aviY Ki‡j Zv wb‡q Av‡m, hv cieZ©x‡Z evwYwR¨K Lvgvi jvjb-cvjb K‡i eo K‡i, Pvgov Avni‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z K‡i| Giv Kzwg‡ii ev”Pv msMÖn K‡i cÖK…wZ †_‡K| GB c×wZ cvcyqv wbD wMwb‡Z cÖPwjZ| Avevi A‡bK †¶‡Î evwYwR¨K Lvgvi ev”Pv Drcv`b K‡i Zv jvjb-cvj‡bi Rb¨ †QvU m¨v‡UjvBU Lvgv‡ii Kv‡Q †`q| Gici wbw`©ó AvKvi aviY Ki‡j Avevi Zv evwYwR¨K Lvgvi msMÖn K‡i †bq| GB c×wZI cvcyqv wbD wMwb‡Z cÖPwjZ|

Z…ZxqZ I me©‡kl cÖPwjZ c×wZ n‡”Q ivwÃs (ranching)| GB c×wZ‡Z cÖK…wZ †_‡K wWg msMÖn K‡i Zv †_‡K ev”Pv dzwU‡q cieZ©x avc¸‡jv AbymiY Kiv nq| GB c×wZ A‡÷ªwjqv‡Z cÖPwjZ| AvaywbK evwYwR¨K Lvgv‡i wWg msMÖ‡ni ci †_‡K m¤c~Y© K…wÎg I wbqwš¿Z cwi‡e‡k wWg dzUv‡bv nq Ges Pvgov msMÖ‡ni c~e© ch©šÍ jvjb-cvjb Kiv nq| 2010-2013 mv‡j AvšÍR©vwZK evRv‡ii †gvU Kzwg‡ii Pvgovi 40-50% G‡m‡Q ivwÃs †cÖvMÖv‡gi gva¨‡g|

A‡÷ªwjqv‡Z Kzwg‡ii msL¨v 5000 Gi wb‡P †b‡g G‡j 1971 m¤c~Y©fv‡e Kzwgi wkKvi wbwl× Kiv nq| RbMY‡K Kzwg‡ii wel‡q m‡PZb K‡i †Zvjv nq| cÖK…wZ‡Z Kzwg‡ii AvPiY †`Lv ch©U‡bi GKUv we‡kl AvKl©Y wnmv‡e MY¨ nq| ax‡i ax‡i Kzwg‡ii msL¨v evo‡Z _vK‡j `yN©UbvI evo‡Z _v‡K| KviY Kzwg‡ii Avevm¯’‡j gvbyl †M‡j Kzwgi AvµgY Ki‡eB| 80i `k‡K WviDBb G mvZwU evwYwR¨K Lvgvi M‡o D‡V| †h mKj Kzwgi gvby‡li Dci AvµgY KiZ, †m¸‡jv miKvix fv‡e a‡i GB Lvgvi¸‡jv‡K †`qv nZ| Lvgv‡i GB Kzwgi¸‡jv cÖRb‡bi Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv nq| Ab¨w`‡K A‡÷ªwjqvi g~j mieivn Av‡m cÖK…wZ †_‡K| cÖK…wZ †_‡K evwYwR¨K Lvgvi wWg msMÖn K‡i, GB Kvi‡Y Zviv Rwgi gvwjK Ges miKvi‡K fvov cÖ`vb K‡i| GB c×wZ‡Z A‡÷ªwjqv‡Z Kzwg‡ii msL¨v 5000 †_‡K †e‡i 100,000 G `vwo‡q‡Q| GB c×wZ‡K ejv nq evwY‡R¨i gva¨‡g msi¶Y| A‡÷ªwjqv‡Z †gvU 20wU Lvgvi i‡q‡Q| 2014-15 mv‡j †gvU ißvbx wQj 19 wgwjqb gvwK©b Wjvi|

evwYwR¨K Lvgvi ¯’vc‡bi †¶‡Î, Ab¨vb¨ cï cvj‡bi g‡Zv wb‡Pi cvuPwU w`K me‡P‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© :

1| ¶zav I Z…òv †_‡K gyw³

2| A¯^w¯Í †_‡K gyw³

3| e¨_v, AvNvZ I †ivM †_‡K gyw³

4| mvaviY AvPiY Kivi gy³ cwi‡ek

5| fq I AvZsK †_‡K gyw³

†Kvb cÖRvwZi Kzwgi †Kvb †`‡k Drcv`b Kiv hv‡e Zv CITES G D‡jøL Kiv Av‡Q| evsjv‡`‡k GKgvÎ †jvbv cvwbi Kzwg‡ii evwYwR¨K Lvgvi ¯’vcb Kiv m¤¢e|

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